Spam Nation: The Inside Story of Organized Cybercrime-from Global Epidemic to Your Front Door, by Brian Krebs
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Spam Nation: The Inside Story of Organized Cybercrime-from Global Epidemic to Your Front Door, by Brian Krebs
PDF Ebook Spam Nation: The Inside Story of Organized Cybercrime-from Global Epidemic to Your Front Door, by Brian Krebs
Now a New York Times bestseller!
Winner of a 2015 Prose Award!
There is a Threat Lurking Online with the Power to Destroy Your Finances, Steal Your Personal Data, and Endanger Your Life.
In Spam Nation, investigative journalist and cybersecurity expert Brian Krebs unmasks the criminal masterminds driving some of the biggest spam and hacker operations targeting Americans and their bank accounts. Tracing the rise, fall, and alarming resurrection of the digital mafia behind the two largest spam pharmacies-and countless viruses, phishing, and spyware attacks-he delivers the first definitive narrative of the global spam problem and its threat to consumers everywhere.
Blending cutting-edge research, investigative reporting, and firsthand interviews, this terrifying true story reveals how we unwittingly invite these digital thieves into our lives every day. From unassuming computer programmers right next door to digital mobsters like "Cosma"-who unleashed a massive malware attack that has stolen thousands of Americans' logins and passwords-Krebs uncovers the shocking lengths to which these people will go to profit from our data and our wallets.
Not only are hundreds of thousands of Americans exposing themselves to fraud and dangerously toxic products from rogue online pharmacies, but even those who never open junk messages are at risk. As Krebs notes, spammers can-and do-hack into accounts through these emails, harvest personal information like usernames and passwords, and sell them on the digital black market. The fallout from this global epidemic doesn't just cost consumers and companies billions, it costs lives too.
Fast-paced and utterly gripping, Spam Nation ultimately proposes concrete solutions for protecting ourselves online and stemming this tidal wave of cybercrime-before it's too late.
"Krebs's talent for exposing the weaknesses in online security has earned him respect in the IT business and loathing among cybercriminals... His track record of scoops...has helped him become the rare blogger who supports himself on the strength of his reputation for hard-nosed reporting." -Bloomberg Businessweek
Spam Nation: The Inside Story of Organized Cybercrime-from Global Epidemic to Your Front Door, by Brian Krebs - Amazon Sales Rank: #44142 in Books
- Brand: Krebs, Brian
- Published on: 2015-05-01
- Released on: 2015-05-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.02" h x .85" w x 6.51" l, .0 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 320 pages
Spam Nation: The Inside Story of Organized Cybercrime-from Global Epidemic to Your Front Door, by Brian Krebs Review "Armed with reams of information sent to him by feuding hackers and cybercrooks, Krebs explores just how and why these spammers get away with so much...By exposing our digital weaknesses and following the money, he presents a fascinating and entertaining cautionary tale. Krebs's work is timely, informative, and sadly relevant in our cyber-dependent age." - Publishers Weekly"Krebs' guided tour of the cybercriminal underworld is a cautionary tale about menacing cultures of hackers, spammers and duplicitous digital network 'cybercrooks...' an eye-opening, immensely distressing expose on the current state of organized cyberspammers. " - Kirkus"
About the Author
Brian Krebs is an award-winning journalist, founder of the highly acclaimed cybersecurity blog KrebsonSecurity.com, and author of the New York Times bestseller, Spam Nation. For 14 years, Krebs was a reporter for The Washington Post, where he authored the acclaimed Security Fix blog. He has appeared on 60 Minutes, CBS This Morning, CNN, NPR, Fox, ABC News, and in the Wall Street Journal, Forbes, USA Today, and more, and has been profiled in the New York Times and Bloomberg's BusinessWeek.
Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Chapter 1 PARASITE
The navy blue BMW 760 nosed up to the crosswalk at a traffic light in downtown Moscow. A black Porsche Cayenne pulled alongside. It was 2:00 p.m., Sunday, September 2, 2007, and the normally congested streets adjacent to the storied Sukharevskaya Square were devoid of traffic, apart from the tourists and locals strolling the broad sidewalks on either side of the boulevard. The afternoon sun that bathed the streets in warmth throughout the day was beginning to cast long shadows on the street from the historic buildings nearby.
The driver of the BMW, a notorious local scam artist who went by the hacker nickname "Jaks," had just become a father that day, and Jaks and his passenger had toasted the occasion with prodigious amounts of vodka. It was the perfect time and place to settle a simmering rivalry with the Porsche driver over whose ride was faster. Now each driver revved his engine in an unspoken agreement to race the short, straight distance to the big city square directly ahead.
As the signal flashed green, the squeal of rubber peeling off on concrete echoed hundreds of meters down in the main square. Bystanders turned to watch as the high-performance machines lurched from the intersection, each keeping pace with the other and accelerating at breakneck speed.
Roaring past the midpoint of the race at more than 200 kilometers per hour, Jaks suddenly lost control, clipping the Porsche and careening into a huge metal lamp post. In an instant, the competition was over, with neither car the winner. The BMW was sliced in two, the Porsche a smoldering, crumpled wreck close by. The drivers of both cars crawled and limped away from the scene, but the BMW's passenger-a promising twenty-three-year-old Internet entrepreneur named Nikolai McColo-was killed instantly, his almost headless body pinned under the luxury car.
"Kolya," as McColo was known to friends, was a minor celebrity in the cybercriminal underground, the youngest employee of a family-owned Internet hosting business that bore his nickname-McColo Corp. At a time when law-enforcement agencies worldwide were just waking up to the financial and organizational threats from organized cybercrime, McColo Corp. had earned a reputation as a ground zero for it: a place where cybercrooks could reliably set up shop with little worry that their online investments and schemes would be discovered or jeopardized by foreign law-enforcement investigators.
At the time of Kolya's death, his family's hosting provider was home base for the largest businesses on the planet engaged in pumping out junk email or "spam" via robot networks. Called "botnets" for short, these networks are collections of personal computers that have been hacked and seeded with malicious software-or "malware"-that lets the attackers control the systems from afar. Usually, the owners of these computers have no idea their machines have been taken hostage.
Nearly all of the botnets controlled from McColo were built to blast out the unsolicited junk spam advertisements that flood our inboxes and spam filters every day. But the servers at McColo weren't generating and pumping spam themselves; that would attract too much attention from Internet vigilantes and Western law-enforcement agencies. Instead, they were merely used by the botmaster businesses to manipulate millions of PCs scattered around the globe into becoming spam-spewing zombies.
By the time paramedics had cleared the area of Kolya's accident, gruesome images of the carnage were already being uploaded to secretive Russian Internet forums frequented by McColo's friends and business clients.... This was a major event in the cybercrime underworld.
Days later, the motley crew of Moscow-based spammers would gather to pay their last respects at his service. The ceremony was held at the same church where Kolya had been baptized less than twenty-three years earlier. Among those in attendance were Igor "Desp" Gusev and Dmitry "SaintD" Stupin, coadministrators of SpamIt and GlavMed, until recently the world's largest sponsors of spam1-and two figures that will play key roles in this book.
Also at the service was Dmitry "Gugle" Nechvolod, then twenty-five years old and a hacker who was closely connected to the Cutwail botnet. Cutwail is a massive crime machine that has infected tens of millions of home computers around the globe and secretly seized control over them for sending spam. To this day, Cutwail remains one of the largest and most active spam botnets-although it is almost undoubtedly run by many different individuals now (more on this in Chapter 7, "Meet the Spammers").
So why is it important to note these three men's presence at such a momentous event for cybercrime? Because their work (as well as Kolya's and hundreds of others) impacts every one of us every day in a strange but seriously significant way: spam email.
Indeed, spam email has become the primary impetus for the development of malicious software-programs that strike computers like yours and mine every day-and through them, target our identities, our security, our finances, families, and friends. These botnets are virtual parasites that require care and constant feeding to stay one step ahead of antivirus tools and security firms who work to dismantle the networks.
This technological arms race requires the development, production, and distribution of ever-stealthier malware that can evade constantly changing antivirus and anti-spam defenses. Therefore, the hackers at the throttle of these massive botnets also use spam as a form of self-preservation. The same botnets that spew plain old spam typically are used to distribute junk email containing new versions of the malware that helps spread the contagion. In addition, spammers often reinvest their earnings from spamming people in building better, stronger, and sneakier malicious software that can bypass antivirus and anti-spam software and firewalls. The spam ecosystem is a constantly evolving technological and sociological crime machine that feeds on itself.
Given the increasing menace of spam email and related cybersecurity assaults that directly affect consumers and companies (like the major news story I broke to the media in December 2013 about the Target credit-card database breach-a cyberattack that compromised millions of Americans' financial information and forced an even greater number of us to get new credit cards), you may be wondering why governments, law-enforcement officials, and corporations aren't taking a stronger and more significant stance to stop the tidal wave of spam and cybercrime impacting us all.
Part of the reason is that many policymakers and cybercrime experts tend to dismiss spam as a nuisance problem that can be solved or at least mitigated to a manageable degree by the proper mix of technology and law enforcement. For many of the rest of us, spam has become almost the punch line of a joke, thanks to its close association with male penile-enhancement pills and erectile dysfunction medications such as Viagra and Cialis. We assume that if we don't open the emails or don't purchase anything from them, we aren't affected.
Unfortunately, that attitude underscores a popular yet fundamental miscalculation about the threat that spam poses to every one of us.
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Most helpful customer reviews
46 of 53 people found the following review helpful. We have seen the enemy, and it is us By David Wineberg Spam is a Russian industry. There are competitors, partnerships, even contests for most responses. Incredibly (to us), spam delivered in Russia actually offers links to spamming services at the bottom of the spam, so that your business too, can benefit. The drug spam industry is financed by American consumers, who want to save money, avoid going to doctors, or even deal prescription drugs to others. The spammers fill a genuine void and satisfy a genuine demand in a twisted healthcare system. This is the story that Brian Krebs reveals, in dramatic, fascinating and fine detail.The online “pharmacies” contract with fabs in India and China, just like the majors do. Goods are shipped by them directly to the customer. Refunds are easier to obtain than from US firms, because the spammers don’t want their card processors to fine them or cut them off. And better customer service leads to reorders (!). And if they don’t, aggressive outbound telemarketing takes over. They have supply chains, with acquirers of botnets, renters of botnets, pharmacies, affiliate programs and spammers – all getting a cut of the transaction or an upfront fee. So very few get crazy rich. Some had to take legitimate day jobs to make ends meet. Eventually, those legitimate tech jobs became more attractive than the dark ones, so recruiting became a problem. Truly, a parallel universe.The drug spam segment is in clear decline:1) The Achilles Heel of the spammers is that they are not totally vertical. They can collect e-mail addresses, they can create botnets, they can accept and fulfill orders. But they can’t process payment. So credit card companies and Microsoft have gone after banks, card processors and transfer agents, making business impossible for the drug spammers. They built their own universe with their own rules, but stopped short. Eventually, it had to collapse.2) The other weak link is Russia, which harbored them. How long that would last was always questionable, but Russia is so corrupt that spammers bribed officials to investigate and close down their competitors. It was a war of attrition where eventually everyone had to lose. Overall, it was a self-inflicted, two pronged attack – on itself.And it’s not all a semi-legitimate economy. They also evolved from scareware (your computer is not safe) to ransomware (all your files are now encrypted). And there’s the constant selling of personal information.Krebs follows a cast of kingpins through their rise and fall. It’s a passion that cost him his career at the Washington Post, which changed “policy” so he could no longer publish his blockbuster stories. (Krebs had been the reason for the crippling and shutdown of major botnets, himself) He has kept going, following through to the end of the kingpins’ rule, and ends the book with tips on not just how, but why you need to protect your accounts. It’s all chilling and gripping, and unfortunately real.David Wineberg
44 of 51 people found the following review helpful. A Detailed Chronicle of the Spam and Illegal Pharmaceutical Online Scammers By Bassocantor SPAM NATION is a detailed chronicle of the spam and illegal pharmaceutical online scammers that plague the internet. The author explains that a large proportion of the pharma spam originates from really just a few individuals in Russia. The author includes a very useful "Who's Who" in the cyberworld section, right at the beginning of this book. It explains who the main players are in the span and pharma schemes.Much of the book discusses the competing criminal networks in Russia, and how these gangs try to thwart each other. Sometimes they expose their competitors private information to the authorities, hoping the police will take down the opposition. Eventually, many of these criminals would end up being arrested and many will have to serve at least a few years in prison.The author spends a lot of time explaining the schemes of "botnets," which are networks of rogue computers controlled by the bot masters. The criminals use these to steal information, send out billions of spam, or even hijack the computer and hold it for ransom until the owner pays a fine. The botnet armies can be extremely powerful and damaging to the public. There was some online chats that were leaked, showing how the criminals actually use these botnet armies: "They were using their armies to bludgeon someone or something offline that threatened to kill their criminal operations. Very often, rival spammers would turn their digital armaments on one another."For me, the most interesting part of SPAM NATION were the chapters describing the financial processing--that is, how the criminals manage to charge your credit card. A set of researchers--some associated with Cal Berkeley, set up test credit card accounts, which they used to buy some counterfeit pharmaceuticals. Then, they would endeavor to track down which banks were actually processing the customers' credit cards. They discovered that there were only a handful of banks that were involved. One researcher was especially clever, in that he simply called around credit card companies, until he found some executives that would cooperate with this investigation. The researchers discovered that the spammers were very careful about screening credit cards that might just be traps. As a result of this investigation, the credit card processing companies were pressured into more vigilantly enforcing the rules. This also caught the attention of Congress.The author describes one bizarre adventure, which he calls, taking an "icebreaker cruise," to Russia to meet with one of the most notorious scammers in the entire world. It was an unpleasant trip, encountering shady people in scary places. The author states that he was actually afraid to meet with some of the other criminals behind these schemes.√ All in all, SPAM NATION is an interesting read. It exposes the magnitude of these nefarious scams, as well as the intricacies of the serpentine network behind these scammers. I thought the text dragged a bit in the sections discussing all of the Russian operatives, but in general, SPAM NATION is a very interesting (and a bit, scary) read. Recommend!Review copy courtesy of the distributor.
37 of 43 people found the following review helpful. I really enjoy Kreb's insight into cybercrime By ABP TLDR - fascinating topic by a very knowledgeable author, but not well executed or well written.I am a regular reader of krebsonsecurity.com, and will continue to be. I really enjoy Kreb's insight into cybercrime, and the revelations about technology and society that come with it. My appreciation for his blog made me excited to read his book, but unfortunately it came up short. There were many interesting facts, but it was as if he didn't have a clear vision of what he was synthesizing them for. The tone of the writing was very inconsistent. Sometimes it reads like a pulp spy novel, sometimes a memoir, sometimes an academic paper. Events that don't seem very dramatic are dramatized at length, and other fascinating tidbits are mentioned but not followed up. This confusion about intent and audience makes for a very jarring read. Sometimes technical terms are insufficiently defined. Other terms are unnecessarily defined and explained many times in the book. The structure of the book doesn't suit the topic. He frequently refers the reader to other parts of the book, yet it isn't apparent why the information is in the other part of the book rather than where he mentions it by reference.
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